Causative Verb and Form free essay sample

Causative have/get is used to persuade or ask someone to do something for us. Form 1 : S + HAVE + NOUN + V1 ( active ) 1. I have John wash my car. 2. She has Rudi paint her house. 3. Tommy had Tini boil water yesterday. 4. I will have Gunadi sell my car. Form 2 : S + HAVE + NOUN + V3 ( passive ) 1. I have my car washed. 2. She has her house painted. 3. Tommy had water boiled yesterday. 4. I will have my car sold. Form 3 : S + GET + NOUN + to V1 ( active ) 1. I get John to wash my car. 2. She gets Rudi to paint her house. 3. Tommy got Tini to boil water yesterday. 4. I will get Gunadi to sell my car. Form 4 : S + GET + NOUN + V3 ( passive ) 1. I get my car washed. 2. She gets her house painted. 3. Tommy got water boiled yesterday. 4. I will get my car sold. CAUSATIVE VERBS: HAVE/GET SOMETHING DONE Have something done and Get something done are both used to refer to actions which are done for the subject rather than by the subject. Causative verbs are used instead of passive verbs to show that the subject causes the action to be done. 1. Have something done I don? t know how to repair cars, so I? m having mine repaired at the garage round the corner. 2. Get something done I really must get my eyes tested. I? m sure I need glasses. Get your hair cut! NOTE: The differences between have and get something done are that have is slightly more formal than get, and that get is more frequent than have in the imperative form. NON-CAUSATIVE USES OF HAVE AND GET Have and get are also used to refer to events which happened to someone, but were outside their control. After being late for work every day for two weeks, Billy had his pay reduced. I stood so close to the fire that I got my legs burnt. EXERCISE 1 Rewrite these sentences using have or get. 1. The mechanic changed the oil in my car. I had the oil in my car changed. 2. The hairdresser cut my hair in a completely different style. I had my hair cut in a completely new style. 3. A decorator has repainted our house. We have had our house repainted. 4. A friend of mine, who? s an electrician, is going to repair my DVD player next week. I? m going to have my DVD player repaired next week by a friend of mine, who? s an electrician. 5. My jacket is being cleaned at a specialist cleaner? s. I? m having my jacket cleaned at a specialist cleaner? s. 6. The town hall has just been rebuilt for the council. The council have just had the town hall rebuilt. EXERCISE 2 Match a word from 1-8 with something that is done by that person or in that place. Then make sentences using all the information and the verb in brackets. You may have to change the words or add new ones. An example is given. 1. Tomorrow I? m going to the hairdresser? s to get my hair cut. 2. Yesterday I went to the optician? s to have my eyes tested. 3. This afternoon I? m going to the dentist to have a tooth taken out. 4. Last week I went to the doctor? s to have my blood pressure taken. 5. Next Saturday I? m going to the vet? s to have my dog vaccinated. 6. The day before yesterday I went to the garage to get my car serviced. . Last year I saw the architect to have my new house designed. 8. Next week I? m talking my accountant to have my annual accounts done. Certain verbs can be used to express a causal relationship between the subject and object in a sentence. Some of them require a to while others do not. Note the following patterns: With to S + V + O + to V (O) I allowed Jim t o clean up the mess. I asked Jim to clean up the mess. I told Jim to clean up the mess. I persuaded Jim to clean up the mess. *Without to S + V + O + V (O) I let Jim clean up the mess. I had Jim clean up the mess. I made Jim clean up the mess. Other verbs which use this pattern are require, command, force, order, remind, and urge. The verb helpcan be used with or without to: Help Jim (to) clean up the mess. Some verbs use the pattern, S + V that S + V (the second verb is in the base form) I insisted that Laura do her homework. I suggested that Laura do her homework. I recommended that Laura do her homework. (not does) *Other verbs which can be used with this pattern are ask, require, request, and demand. The most common error with causatives is using to unnecessarily. For example, We made Kevin to finish his supper. We made Kevin finish his supper. They suggested Irene to take music lessons. They suggested that Irene take music lessons. (Incorrect) (Correct) (Incorrect) (Correct) When a subject does not do a work himself/herself, and takes the help of some other person or force that person to do that work, then we need to form a sentence with the help of a causative verb. 1. GET A. Use get according to tense, B. Place object after the causative verb, C. Main verb always in 3rd form:: CV + Object + V 3rd (main verb). 1. I have got the sums solved. 2. She will get the letter written by Ravi. 3. Are you getting your house pained? 2. MAKE 1. Use make according to tense, 2. Object is the person who is compelled, 3. Main verb always in first form:: CV + Object + V 1st form (main verb) 1. He made me laugh. 2. She made the children clean the room. 3. Who is making her cry? 4. Please don’t make him tell a lie. 3. HELP 1. Use help according to tense, 2. Object is the person who is helped, 3. Main verb always in first form:: CV + Object + V 1st form (main verb). (In these sentences a person is helped to do a certain things). 1. Help the guests wash their hands. 2. She helped the children do the work. 4. HAVE (Same as get in use and meaning) 1. I have had the sums solved. 2. He will have the letter written by Merry. 3. They had the tiger killed by the hunter. 5. KEEP CV + Object (person) + V 1st form + ing. There is generally a period of time in these sentences. 1. They kept her washing the clothes for 2 hours. (They compelled her to wash the clothes for 2 hours) 2. Did you kept him waiting for one hour? 6. CAUSE CV + Object (person) + V 1st form. Instead of a person there are circumstances, things etc. which compel a person to do a certain thing. 1. Fatigue caused him to sleep. (Due to fatigue he slept) 2. Does poverty cause people to commit crime?