Both Sides of Capital Punishment Essay -- social issues

Both Sides of Capital Punishment Murder is the unlawful killing of another human being with an intentional or criminal intent. In today's world, terrible crimes are being committed daily. Many believe that these criminals deserve one fate: death. Capital punishment, the death penalty, is the maximum sentence used in punishing people who kill another human being - and is a very controversial method of punishment. In most states, a person convicted of first degree murder has the potential to be given the death penalty. Capital punishment is a subject that can be counted upon to stir emotion and controversy into any conversation or argument. The very concept provokes a profusion of valid questions and opinions. Today's daily world of crime and violence calls for punishment of a severe nature, and many citizens argue that the punishment necessary is the death penalty. These people quote passages such as the "an eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth" concept from the Old Testament of the Judeo-Christian bible. Some people take the neutral position that there is no right or wrong answer, that each opinion on capital punishment is valid in its own way. Opponents of the death penalty claim that sentencing a person to death does not change the reality of the situation; the harm already done simply cannot be fixed from a vengeance standpoint. You cannot bring the murdered person back by taking the prisoner's life. Proponents of capital punishment tend to defend their opinion mainly on two grounds: death is a fitting punishment for murder, and executions maximize public safety through incapacitation and deterrence. The view of proponents of the death penalty in reference to the "let the punishment fit the crime" ideal is that, in the eyes of many law officials and citizens of the United States, if a crime is so serious that it causes irreversible damage or the loss of human life, then the only penalty for such crimes would be death for the individual that committed this act. Many also feel that if an individual can possess the strength and will to take the life of another human being in a planned manner, then they must also in turn be able to face their punishment which could only be a punishment of the same magnitude as the crime they have committed; that being for their life to be ended for the common good. These people feel that, while it is the cruelest pu... ...ng the Revolutionary War, once said, "I shall ask for the abolition of the punishment of death until I have the infallibility of human judgment demonstrated to me." Some radical death penalty opposers even go so far as to claim that those who support such punishment with the excuse of "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" are like immature children who continue to insist on the principle of childish payback and petty revenge. They sy that these people did not listen to their mothers when they were told "two wrongs do not make a right." They say these men and women have not grown out of a tendency toward violence and a shunning of the virtues of mercy and forgiveness, in addition to morality. Opposing the death penalty does not mean sympathy with convicted murderers. On the contrary, murder and manslaughter both demonstrate a lack of respect for life. For this very reason, a policy of state-authorized killings is immoral. Criminals no doubt need to be punished, but severity of punishment should have its limits, beginning with the use of human dignity. Governments that respect these limits do not use premeditated and violent homicide as an instrument of keeping the peace. Both Sides of Capital Punishment Essay -- social issues Both Sides of Capital Punishment Murder is the unlawful killing of another human being with an intentional or criminal intent. In today's world, terrible crimes are being committed daily. Many believe that these criminals deserve one fate: death. Capital punishment, the death penalty, is the maximum sentence used in punishing people who kill another human being - and is a very controversial method of punishment. In most states, a person convicted of first degree murder has the potential to be given the death penalty. Capital punishment is a subject that can be counted upon to stir emotion and controversy into any conversation or argument. The very concept provokes a profusion of valid questions and opinions. Today's daily world of crime and violence calls for punishment of a severe nature, and many citizens argue that the punishment necessary is the death penalty. These people quote passages such as the "an eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth" concept from the Old Testament of the Judeo-Christian bible. Some people take the neutral position that there is no right or wrong answer, that each opinion on capital punishment is valid in its own way. Opponents of the death penalty claim that sentencing a person to death does not change the reality of the situation; the harm already done simply cannot be fixed from a vengeance standpoint. You cannot bring the murdered person back by taking the prisoner's life. Proponents of capital punishment tend to defend their opinion mainly on two grounds: death is a fitting punishment for murder, and executions maximize public safety through incapacitation and deterrence. The view of proponents of the death penalty in reference to the "let the punishment fit the crime" ideal is that, in the eyes of many law officials and citizens of the United States, if a crime is so serious that it causes irreversible damage or the loss of human life, then the only penalty for such crimes would be death for the individual that committed this act. Many also feel that if an individual can possess the strength and will to take the life of another human being in a planned manner, then they must also in turn be able to face their punishment which could only be a punishment of the same magnitude as the crime they have committed; that being for their life to be ended for the common good. These people feel that, while it is the cruelest pu... ...ng the Revolutionary War, once said, "I shall ask for the abolition of the punishment of death until I have the infallibility of human judgment demonstrated to me." Some radical death penalty opposers even go so far as to claim that those who support such punishment with the excuse of "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" are like immature children who continue to insist on the principle of childish payback and petty revenge. They sy that these people did not listen to their mothers when they were told "two wrongs do not make a right." They say these men and women have not grown out of a tendency toward violence and a shunning of the virtues of mercy and forgiveness, in addition to morality. Opposing the death penalty does not mean sympathy with convicted murderers. On the contrary, murder and manslaughter both demonstrate a lack of respect for life. For this very reason, a policy of state-authorized killings is immoral. Criminals no doubt need to be punished, but severity of punishment should have its limits, beginning with the use of human dignity. Governments that respect these limits do not use premeditated and violent homicide as an instrument of keeping the peace.

American value and health care policy

United States government has been concerned with the running of the health care to a point of establishing Medicare more than 40 years ago to facilitate the running of the health care institution. Since then, the government has had a role to play toward ensuring that American citizens get access to better health care facilities. There has been remarkable improvement in provision of health care for the last 50 years as the United States government has ensured that the quality of health care is enhanced, it’s more accessible and affordable to all people.Effective treatment of various diseases has been discovered due to the fact that the government has constantly been sponsoring researches to be carried out in molecular biology thereby enhancing the understanding of a number of diseases. (Anderson, Hussey, Frogner and Waters, 2005) State intervention toward the running and management of health care in United States lagged behind the intervention of Europe which was the first to b e concerned with the running of their health care systems.In the ancient days, clinical training and medical education in United States had not been standardized until the state intervened toward standardizing the health care institution at the end of the 19th century. A board that would license examination began to be formed in 1870’s and came to be in operation in 1898 in all states. Many people enrolled in the medical schools and by 1900, 10% of physicians who were practicing in America had graduated from the already established medical institutions following the establishment of the licensing examination board.Flexner Report and American Medical Association ensured more medical practitioners graduated from the already established medical institutions and in fact, 20 years later, all medical practitioners who were practicing in United States had graduated from these institutions. (Woolhandler, Campbell and Himmelstein, 2003) The government of United States also has facilit ated the provision of health care facilities in United States of America by ensuring there is a considerable national health insurance system.The history of national health insurance date back in 1915 when an association of about 3,500 professionals that included: lawyers, academicians and social scientists proposed the scheme. The American Association of labor Legislation drafted a bill that was proposing that the state to bring forward health legislation that would be compulsory. (Anderson, Hussey, Frogner and Waters, 2005) The government of has been very supportive on the issue of national health insurance scheme that would benefit the American citizens.A security Act was signed in1935 by then the president of United States of America President Roosevelt which brought about the issue of renewing the discussion of coming up with a governmental national insurance scheme. Later on, Senator Wagner attempted to introduce a bill that was meant to outline a federal health program that w ould serve all the American citizens in 1939. However, his efforts failed to bear fruits as the bill never gathered enough support that is required for enactment of a bill.The efforts of the legislator to come up with a bill that would facilitate the provision of health care did not end there. In early 1950’s during Truman administration, a health care bill was revived and this time as Ewing proposal. The bill despite being submitted to the congress for action and enactment, nothing was heard of it and those efforts did not bear any fruit. (Anderson, Hussey, Frogner and Waters, 2005) The role of the government on provision and running of health care systems in United States came to right in 1965 after President Lyndon Johnson signed a health bill thereby creating Medicare.Since then, provision of health care in United States has never been the same and all American citizens have had the access to better medical care within their reach. (Feldman, 2001) There has been significa nce growth of national health care and Medicare costs that are said to have been contributed by: ? Newly introduced diagnostic equipments and facilities. ? Increased population especially of the elderly people which is projected to increase to about 45 millions in ten year’s time. ? Administrative costs that are rapidly increasing. ? Advancement of medical technology which is advancing day by day, and? Advancement of surgical procedures such as hip replacement and coronary artery bypass. A number of medical equipments were discovered that have significantly added value to the overall provision of medical care in United States. These equipments have enabled health care facilities to offer efficient health care to the American citizens and these machines include: blue cross, respirator, dialysis machine and iron lung. These have enable provision of health care to show some improvement as they enabled diagnosis of diseases even to be faster. The government has been very supporti ve more so in the provision of funds toPurchase drugs. The budgetary cost of prescribed drugs has been increasing significantly of the years and in fact, provision of medical care is known be spending the highest share of the total national budgetary allocation. Statistics shows that drugs prescribed in 1980 were 6% and this increased in 2003 to 12%. It is projected that due to the increased population of the elderly, the budget allocation on Medicaid, entitlement of social security and Medicare is to increase and expenditure is estimated by 2025 to reach $4 trillion. (Anderson, Hussey, Frogner and Waters, 2005)Although the government shows some willingness to provide affordable health care to all American, it is the high time the society should take a challenge of accepting national health care scheme that is provided and be ready to pay contribute toward it. They should also take the initiative of avoiding the administration and control therein by the awkward governmental and insu rance bureaucracy in the industry. It is the high time American citizens are supposed to advocate for provision of effective and efficient health care delivery that is accessible and affordable.(Woolhandler, Campbell and Himmelstein, 2003) The question medical practitioners need to ask themselves is whether they have a responsibility on caring for all American citizens who are ill. It is difficult for one to survive if he or she is unhealthy hence seeking health care by American citizens and any other human being is mandatory. Indeed if all American people are healthy, there will be increased productivity since everyone will be working toward building the national. This in turn increases tax that will be collected by the exchequer as result of increased productivity.As a result, it makes life even better since more funds will be allocated to various projects that are beneficial to the common citizens such as government health care, improving of transport network and provision of edu cation among other amenities. For this care, I would urge the federal government to continue allocating a high share of fund to Medicare when it comes to allocation of funds in the annual national budget. References Anderson, G. F. , Hussey, P. S, Frogner, B. F. , Waters, H. R.(2005): Health spending in the United States and the test of the industrialized world; Health Aff (Millwood) 2005; 24:908 –11 Feldman, R. D. (2001): American Health Care: Government, Market Processes, and the Public Interest. Oakland, CA: The Independent Institute Rothman, D. J. (1997). Beginnings Counts: The Technological Imperative in American Health Care: New York, Oxford University Press Woolhandler, S. Campbell, T. and Himmelstein, D. U. (2003): Costs of health care administration in the United States and Canada. N Engl J; Med 2003; 349:768 –75

The Mental Health Disorder Of Schizophrenia Essay

The mental health disorder was identified by the german physician Dr. Emile Kraepelin in 1887 as â€Å"dementia praecox† (early dementia), and the term schizophrenia was first introduced by Eugen Bleuler, a Swiss psychiatrist in 1911, formed from the Greek schizo (split) and phrene (mind) to describe the disruption of cognition and emotion. Schizophrenia refers to a long-term psychotic illness that’s cause is still largely unknown despite dating back to 1550 BC Egypt , and being observed in all cultures and socioeconomic groups - including remote racial enclaves such as the Australian Aborigines who were isolated about 60,000 years ago . Its diagnosis is mainly based on either of the two main current classification systems; ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases) and DSM-IV-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders) . Although the manifestations of schizophrenia is different from person to person, the most studies agree that the disorder is characterised by a range of both positive and negative symptoms - those that reflect an excess/distortion (positive) or a reduction/loss (negative) of normal functions4 - and most schizophrenics portray some or all of the following; abnormal affects, disturbances in motor behaviour, thought disorders, delusions as well as most commonly observed being (auditory) hallucinations2. However, possibly due to the very complex characteristics of schizophrenia that’s mentioned above, a diagnosis is not straightShow MoreRelatedIs Schizophrenia A Mental Health Disorder?3492 Words   |  14 PagesIs it Possible for Somebody Diagnosed as a Schizophrenic to Live What Would be considered a ‘Normal Life’? 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Although, children and adolescents areRead MoreWhat is Schizophrenia?985 Words   |  4 PagesSchizophrenia is the worst of all mental health disorders because it is many severe disorders all put into one such as mood disorders and psychological disorders. It is a mental health disorder that affects a persons’ reality. When the word Schizophrenia is broken into two, schizo means â€Å"Split† and phrenia means â€Å"mind† (DeWall Myers, 2014, p.562). According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), about 1% of American s have schizophrenia. Schizophrenia has many different components suchRead MoreMental Illness And Mental Health Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesMental health is being successful in doing mental functions resulting in being able to form relationships with other people, getting things done and having the ability to work around problems and stress. Your mental health can affect how you think, act and feel. 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Most people believe schizophrenia causes people to have split personalities, but that’s not the case. The illness called Schizophrenia causes a person to hallucinate, hear voices that others can’t hear, make people believe that they are being watched, and the belief somebody is out to harm them. (Mental Health America 2015) In this paper I will write about the prevalence, whatRead MoreThe Stigma Associated With Schizophrenia1554 Words   |  7 PagesThe Stigma Associated with Schizophrenia. Jason Branch Fayetteville Tech Community College Author Note This paper was prepared for English 112.02, taught by Mr. Charles King on April 2, 2015 Abstract Mental illness is an area that many people are uncomfortable with. There is something suspicious about people who tend to appear mentally ill. This creates nervousness, fear, while presenting the unknown; therefore, Stigma. Now Stigma is defined as disgrace or public disapproval, which can lead

Indian Telecom Industry - Microeconomic Perspective

CONTENTS 1. Acknowledgement 2. Introduction a. Overview of the Industry b. Timeline of the Indian Telecom Market 3. Market Structure: Present Scenario and Competitive Environment a. Barriers to Entry in a telecom market b. Overview of Market Structure and Evolution c. Universal Service Obligation d. Competitive Profile of the Telecom Sector e. License Conditions Inhibiting Competition f. Spectrum Assignment and Pricing g. Interconnection Charges h. Tariffs for Basic Service i. Features of Indian Telecom Tariffs j. Issues with Present Tariff Structure 4. Microeconomic Analysis a. Demand and Supply b. Costs c. Basic Economic Cost Concepts d. Concept of Costs used for determining prices e. Pricing Methodologies 5. Issues Raised a. Critical†¦show more content†¦Set up in 1997, the TRAI is responsible facilitating interconnection and technical interconnectivity between operators, regulating revenue sharing, ensuring compliance with license conditions, facilitating competition and settling disputes between service providers. The TRAI cannot grant or renew licenses and this remains the DoTs responsibility. The TRAI may also set the rates for telecommunications services. Its decisions can only be challenged by the High Courts or Supreme Courts of India. Table shows a chronological history of Indian Telecom Industry. Mid 80s Department of Telecommunications set up Mr. 86 VSNL incorporated to provide international telecom services Apr. 86 MTNL incorporated to provide fixed-line telephone services in Mumbai and New Delhi Dec. 91 DoT invites bids from Indian companies for cellular licenses in the four metropolitan circles May 94 Government announces the National Telecom Policy, opening up the basic service sector to private players Sept. 94 Entry guidelines for basic services announced Nov. 94 Licenses were issued to cellular operators in the four metros Jan. 95 Tenders floated for basic operators as well as cellular operators in non-metro sectors. 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Cross Cultural Communication Important For Businesses

In this report, I will justify, why is cross cultural communication important for businesses in the 21st century. Cross cultural communication is a very important factor for businesses in these days because of the rapid economic development hence globalisation. Therefore, knowledge and understanding of a cultural diversity are a must especially for businesses operated worldwide to correctly react to body language, symbols, gestures or situations that can be easily misunderstood due to cultural differences and can lead to the unsuccessful transactions, contracts or a business as a whole, for example, Americans or British use the gesture thumb up to express that everything going well, while in Bangladesh it means rude or awful. Living or doing a business in different country does not only mean knowing their food, music or clothing, but mainly to understand their beliefs and values, as these are usually hidden deeply beneath the surface, even though we may find some habits or beliefs in the different country s culture to be same or very similar to ours. In my opinion, it is very difficult to talk about cultural differences without making statements or likelihood, hence generalisations, which can help to describe how people from one culture usually behave and react in a particular situation. However, even though generalisation can help to learn and understand different cultures around the world, it can lead to a negative stereotyping, miscommunication and conflicts. WhatShow MoreRelatedManaging A Global Business With Offices1681 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Excellent cross-cultural skills are relevant in managing businesses with offices in different countries. 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Read MoreThe Impact Of Culture On International Marketing Communication1486 Words   |  6 PagesSUMMARY Cultural factors have long been known to impact the communication and success capability of competition in conducting worldwide business. The objective of this report is to recognize the importance of cultural factors occurring in marketing communications. Therefore, it discusses the following: †¢ Key issues in cross-cultural marketing communication which shows identifying the cultural factors to support marketing communication in the proposed markets and pre-requisites for cross-cultural communication

Beowulf Comparison Essay Free Essays

Warthogs is turned from a wise old king to a loud drug ink, the battle with Grenade’s Mother is filled with sex and seduction instead of victory and t he theme bravery tends to come of more as one of cowardice and regret. Warthogs, the king of Danes, is present in both the movie and the story Oboe elf. In the reading, Warthogs is portrayed as a wise king, strong from his years of bat TTL, always wanting to protect all who live in his land and feeling grief when they die. We will write a custom essay sample on Beowulf Comparison Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"The wise old king, Trembled in anger and grief, his dearest, Friend and advisor dead† (1307 309). After Greened is defeated, his mother seeks revenge on the kingdom and takes one of their own. Having not been able to do anything, Warthogs is heartbroken at the death. H forever, in the film Warthogs comes of as a loud drunk, constantly carrying the burden of his past days. H?s carried into the castle on top of his throne with mead in one hand scream mining and cheering. At points he becomes demanding, especially of his queen Wealth w for he wants a child from her. But his past catches up, she will not lie with him for he already laid next to Grenade’s Mother. Changes are made to make the film more relatable to people in this time. The movie and the story are alive with differences like the formation n of Greened, how he is the offspring of Warthogs and Grenade’s Mother, and Warthogs been g loud and drunk all the time nevertheless, similarities can be seen as well. In both medium ms Warthogs is king strong from his battles and wanting to protect his people and land. Zee emcees has taken some elements from the book but has turned others into ones that Poe peel nowadays could relate with. The battle with Grenade’s Mother can be found in both the film and the story, UT is completely different in each. In Beowulf, the battle with Grenade’s Mother is if race and exciting with Beowulf close to death, gaining a surge of strength to finally deft at her. â€Å"And struck with all the strength he had left, Caught her in the neck and cut it throw GHz, Broke bones and all. Her body fell, To the floor, lifeless, the sword was wet with her blood, and Beowulf rejoiced at the sight† (1 5651 569). Beowulf fought to the death, willing to give everything and only to be saved by the armor he wore. Grenade’s Mother was killed with age, her death greatly celebrated. But, the film Beowulf has the fight with Gar endless Mother not really a fight at all, rather a scene Of seduction and weakness. Bee wolf strides into battle alone, using the dragon cup as his light source and not wearing an y armor. He encounters Grenade’s Mother and is struck by her beauty. She offers him glory y and riches in return for a child, and Beowulf is quick to oblige. He then returns to the kin smog and announces he has killed the mighty shabbiest. The film had this scene repress NT weakness instead of power as it did in the book. Likewise, the travel to Grenade’s Mother ‘s lair is like night and day. In the Story, Beowulf travels with twelve men and must fight SE a monsters to get to her cave but, in the movie he travels with only Wigwag and there are n o monsters to fend off. The biggest difference though is obvious, he kills Grenade’s Mother in the story and in the film he sleeps with her. Despite the many differences, we are able t o see at least one similarity. Grenade’s Mother can not be harmed by any mortal sword. Con exclusively, the â€Å"Hollywood effect† is seen as a battle scene becomes a sex scene. Lastly, we can see the theme of bravery illustrated in the movie and the story. In the story Beowulf bravery is a necessary thing for all warriors, to continue to go in to battle and fight for what’s right without fear. â€Å"His soul sensed how close fate Had com e, felt something, not fear, but knowledge, Of old age. His armor was strong, but his arm, Hung like his heart. Body and soul , Might part, here; his blood might be spilled, His spirit torn from his flesh† (14711472). A dragon has been woken up and is now terrorizing Beowulf kingdom. Even in his old age, Beowulf is ready to fight and ready to rooter his people, aware that this could be his final battle. Throughout the book, Beowulf f charges into battle without fear for the good of the people. Always doing what must be do nee, be damned the consequences. On the other hand, bravery is seen in a different light in t he film. Beowulf does not see himself as brave for the curse bestowed on him so man y years ago has protected him to this day. The people do not know of the curse however and see him as one of the bravest of men. In a way you can’t kill me, my friend, ’cause I died many, any years ago when I was young† (Beowulf says in the film). He sees himself as weak having succumbed to Grenade’s mother all those years ago. â€Å"He was the brave stop us. He was the prince of all warriors. His name will live on forever'(Wigwag says in the film). The people in his kingdom, and around the world still see Beowulf as a mighty war ROR, the brav est of them all and someone who will charge into any battle. In the story, knows he is brave and wants to remembered for his bravery and glory. Be that t as it may, in the film Beowulf feels cowardice, constantly feeling the weight of Grenade’s M there and her promises. He does not see himself as brave but rather as a wimp. In both mediums, Beowulf will forever be remembered as the brave monster slayer. Once again, Cosmetics twists the theme of bravery but keeps some aspects the same. Warthogs is an old king filled with wisdom in the story Beowulf, but is portrayer d as loud and drunk in the film. The battle with Grenade’s Mother is filled with sex and seduction instead of glory and power. The theme bravery is turned more into one of regret and cowardice for Beowulf in the film. Movies made from books usually tend o lack the details that make the story unique and twist them into something completely different. As Care stated, watching your book turned into a movie can be almost devastate Eng. The book was definitely the better of the two. Beowulf is a classic story that gives us a s ensue of what life was before us. We are able to understand their views and also their way o f life. The film demolished those aspects and instead shows us how it would be now. Movies take the main idea of a book but leave out all the parts that make that certain book special a ND enjoyable. How to cite Beowulf Comparison Essay, Essays

Causative Verb and Form free essay sample

Causative have/get is used to persuade or ask someone to do something for us. Form 1 : S + HAVE + NOUN + V1 ( active ) 1. I have John wash my car. 2. She has Rudi paint her house. 3. Tommy had Tini boil water yesterday. 4. I will have Gunadi sell my car. Form 2 : S + HAVE + NOUN + V3 ( passive ) 1. I have my car washed. 2. She has her house painted. 3. Tommy had water boiled yesterday. 4. I will have my car sold. Form 3 : S + GET + NOUN + to V1 ( active ) 1. I get John to wash my car. 2. She gets Rudi to paint her house. 3. Tommy got Tini to boil water yesterday. 4. I will get Gunadi to sell my car. Form 4 : S + GET + NOUN + V3 ( passive ) 1. I get my car washed. 2. She gets her house painted. 3. Tommy got water boiled yesterday. 4. I will get my car sold. CAUSATIVE VERBS: HAVE/GET SOMETHING DONE Have something done and Get something done are both used to refer to actions which are done for the subject rather than by the subject. Causative verbs are used instead of passive verbs to show that the subject causes the action to be done. 1. Have something done I don? t know how to repair cars, so I? m having mine repaired at the garage round the corner. 2. Get something done I really must get my eyes tested. I? m sure I need glasses. Get your hair cut! NOTE: The differences between have and get something done are that have is slightly more formal than get, and that get is more frequent than have in the imperative form. NON-CAUSATIVE USES OF HAVE AND GET Have and get are also used to refer to events which happened to someone, but were outside their control. After being late for work every day for two weeks, Billy had his pay reduced. I stood so close to the fire that I got my legs burnt. EXERCISE 1 Rewrite these sentences using have or get. 1. The mechanic changed the oil in my car. I had the oil in my car changed. 2. The hairdresser cut my hair in a completely different style. I had my hair cut in a completely new style. 3. A decorator has repainted our house. We have had our house repainted. 4. A friend of mine, who? s an electrician, is going to repair my DVD player next week. I? m going to have my DVD player repaired next week by a friend of mine, who? s an electrician. 5. My jacket is being cleaned at a specialist cleaner? s. I? m having my jacket cleaned at a specialist cleaner? s. 6. The town hall has just been rebuilt for the council. The council have just had the town hall rebuilt. EXERCISE 2 Match a word from 1-8 with something that is done by that person or in that place. Then make sentences using all the information and the verb in brackets. You may have to change the words or add new ones. An example is given. 1. Tomorrow I? m going to the hairdresser? s to get my hair cut. 2. Yesterday I went to the optician? s to have my eyes tested. 3. This afternoon I? m going to the dentist to have a tooth taken out. 4. Last week I went to the doctor? s to have my blood pressure taken. 5. Next Saturday I? m going to the vet? s to have my dog vaccinated. 6. The day before yesterday I went to the garage to get my car serviced. . Last year I saw the architect to have my new house designed. 8. Next week I? m talking my accountant to have my annual accounts done. Certain verbs can be used to express a causal relationship between the subject and object in a sentence. Some of them require a to while others do not. Note the following patterns: With to S + V + O + to V (O) I allowed Jim t o clean up the mess. I asked Jim to clean up the mess. I told Jim to clean up the mess. I persuaded Jim to clean up the mess. *Without to S + V + O + V (O) I let Jim clean up the mess. I had Jim clean up the mess. I made Jim clean up the mess. Other verbs which use this pattern are require, command, force, order, remind, and urge. The verb helpcan be used with or without to: Help Jim (to) clean up the mess. Some verbs use the pattern, S + V that S + V (the second verb is in the base form) I insisted that Laura do her homework. I suggested that Laura do her homework. I recommended that Laura do her homework. (not does) *Other verbs which can be used with this pattern are ask, require, request, and demand. The most common error with causatives is using to unnecessarily. For example, We made Kevin to finish his supper. We made Kevin finish his supper. They suggested Irene to take music lessons. They suggested that Irene take music lessons. (Incorrect) (Correct) (Incorrect) (Correct) When a subject does not do a work himself/herself, and takes the help of some other person or force that person to do that work, then we need to form a sentence with the help of a causative verb. 1. GET A. Use get according to tense, B. Place object after the causative verb, C. Main verb always in 3rd form:: CV + Object + V 3rd (main verb). 1. I have got the sums solved. 2. She will get the letter written by Ravi. 3. Are you getting your house pained? 2. MAKE 1. Use make according to tense, 2. Object is the person who is compelled, 3. Main verb always in first form:: CV + Object + V 1st form (main verb) 1. He made me laugh. 2. She made the children clean the room. 3. Who is making her cry? 4. Please don’t make him tell a lie. 3. HELP 1. Use help according to tense, 2. Object is the person who is helped, 3. Main verb always in first form:: CV + Object + V 1st form (main verb). (In these sentences a person is helped to do a certain things). 1. Help the guests wash their hands. 2. She helped the children do the work. 4. HAVE (Same as get in use and meaning) 1. I have had the sums solved. 2. He will have the letter written by Merry. 3. They had the tiger killed by the hunter. 5. KEEP CV + Object (person) + V 1st form + ing. There is generally a period of time in these sentences. 1. They kept her washing the clothes for 2 hours. (They compelled her to wash the clothes for 2 hours) 2. Did you kept him waiting for one hour? 6. CAUSE CV + Object (person) + V 1st form. Instead of a person there are circumstances, things etc. which compel a person to do a certain thing. 1. Fatigue caused him to sleep. (Due to fatigue he slept) 2. Does poverty cause people to commit crime?